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星耀雄安丨 ① 首颗“雄安造”卫星搭乘朱雀三号重复使用遥二运载火箭成功发射入轨_我的网站

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    Shipping containers are loaded and unloaded onto ships at the Port of Los Angeles, California, on July 9, 2025. Photo: VCG
When even major US allies and trading partners are swept into Washington's alleged China-linked transshipment network, is the US still cracking down on its so-called illegal tariff evasion, or is it raising its "small yard, high fence" higher and tighten it further by wielding its tariff stick and extending tariff controls across normal global supply chains?
The White House on Thursday released a report identifying roughly 40 economies as participants in what it calls a "Shadow Transshipment Network", alleging that Chinese goods are being routed through third countries to evade higher US tariffs. The list stretches across Asia, Europe and the Americas and includes some of Washington's closest allies and largest trading partners.
Chinese experts said the report is partly aimed at defending Washington's tariff policy by shifting responsibility for its weakened impact onto other economies, while also pressuring them to follow US trade and origin rules. In effect, the US is trying to extend its unilateral trade restrictions beyond its own borders and deeper into global supply chains, they said.
Build 'higher fence'
The 25-page report claims that US import sourcing saw a "substantial reallocation" after the 2018 tariffs, as China's direct share declined and imports from identified transshipment economies rose. It alleges that some goods were routed through lower-tariff jurisdictions, where minor processing, relabeling, repackaging, re-invoicing or paperwork changes were used to create the appearance of a new national origin. 
However, the report itself acknowledges that alleged transshipment risks in several major economies are "embedded within broad legitimate trade flows." It also admitted that the post-2018 shift in US imports "does not establish" that all displaced Chinese trade was illegally transshipped and partly reflected "legitimate changes in production, investment, and sourcing."
False declarations of origin or simple repackaging can amount to tariff circumvention, but investing overseas, building factories abroad or sourcing components across borders are legitimate forms of supply-chain adjustment, experts said.
One purpose of the report is to portray Washington's tariff policy as effective while attributing its diminished impact to the responses of other economies, Zhou Mi, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation, told the Global Times. 
This allows Washington to shift responsibility onto other economies and put itself in a more favorable position in shaping the narrative around its tariff policy, Zhou said.
Cui Fan, a professor at the University of International Business and Economics, told the Global Times that US rules for determining country of origin are not fully aligned with those used by other economies. The latest move could pressure other countries to adopt US standards, but Cui said such an approach is unlikely to work.
"Countries formulate their rules of origin based on a range of factors, including the scale and technological conditions of their own industries," Cui said. "Industrial structures and the global division of labor cannot be reshaped simply through pressure from one country."
Harmonization of rules of origin - applying the same rules across countries regardless of purpose - "would facilitate the flow of international trade," according to WTO on its website. 
It has also warned that misuse of such rules may turn them into "a trade policy instrument" rather than merely a device supporting other trade policy measures, according to WTO.
Washington was pursuing hegemonic politics and unilateral bullying in the economic and trade sphere under the guise of "reciprocity", a spokesperson for China's Ministry of Commerce said when commenting on the US use of tariffs to pressure other countries into restricting economic and trade cooperation with China. 
Disrupting global supply chains

Cui said production and trade networks linking China with South Korea, Europe and other economies have taken shape over years of market-driven specialization. By lowering production and logistics costs and improving efficiency, these networks have benefited businesses and consumers across participating economies.
"The real challenge facing global trade today is not so-called illegal transshipment, but the continued damage that unilateralism and trade protectionism are inflicting on the multilateral trading system," Cui added.
Since returning to office, the Trump administration has made tariffs a centerpiece of its trade policy, rolling out sweeping "reciprocal tariffs" and other broad duties that have drawn widespread criticism at home and abroad. On Thursday, Washington announced new Section 232 tariffs on drones and their parts and components, further expanding the range of products subject to US tariffs.
US tariffs have themselves pushed companies to reconfigure supply chains. Washington is now citing those very adjustments as evidence of circumvention, effectively using the market fallout from its own tariff policy to justify further trade restrictions, Chinese experts noted.
International trade is based on mutual benefit, and sovereign countries have the legitimate right to conduct economic and trade cooperation independently, Cui said. "No country should interfere with normal global trade simply to advance its own unilateral interests."
The report broadens its scrutiny beyond routing and documentation to include China-origin inputs or components, Chinese ownership or financing, relationships with Chinese suppliers or manufacturers, China-based production steps and China-origin routing histories.
Analysts believed the latest move is more than simply making the existing "high fence" higher. By trying to bring more economies and a larger portion of global supply chains within the reach of US tariff enforcement, Washington attempted to make the "yard" itself much bigger.
Cui warned that sustained US pressure to reshape normal trade and supply-chain links could fragment mature regional production networks, and reduce the efficiency of global resource allocation, with the impact extending far beyond China-US trade given the wide range of economies named in the report.
Zhou noted that companies would be forced to redesign supply chains to manage rising policy risks, adding costs that could feed back into the US through higher inflation while creating broader frictions and instability for global trade.
。    冀时新闻报道 8月19日早上，在甘肃酒泉东风商业航天创新试验区，首颗"雄安造"卫星，编号为鸿鹄03星的"雄安一号"，搭乘朱雀三号重复使用遥二运载火箭成功发射入轨。8月19日7时35分，伴随着震彻戈壁的轰鸣声，烈焰喷涌而出，朱雀三号重复使用遥二运载火箭拔地而起、直冲苍穹，搭载着"雄安一号"奔赴浩瀚太空。鸿擎科技副总裁 闫旭：我太激动了！这颗卫星是我们依托全国首条流水线式自动化卫星批量产线，自主研制的，搭载了多项具有行业突破意义的关键技术。今天终于圆梦太空，我们无数个日夜坚守、上千次的反复试验、无数次的复盘迭代，所有的付出都是值得的！本台记者 李耀阳：这里是位于雄安新区的鸿擎科技卫星智能运管中心，就在刚刚朱雀三号(重复使用)遥二运载火箭成功发射，将"雄安一号"卫星(鸿鹄03星)送入到了预定轨道，卫星的遥测数据一切正常，太阳翼已经顺利地展开。接下来，"雄安一号"还将在真实的宇宙空间环境下，对星上搭载的各项新技术、新部件开展多轮在轨测试，各项性能指标都将接受太空环境的实战检验。鸿擎科技卫星智能运管中心负责人 张子龙："雄安一号"(鸿鹄03星)在轨实测数据，将持续反哺模型训练、驱动算法调优。鸿擎科技将持续打磨巨型星座天地一体化智能运管核心能力，为后续万星星座常态化运管，奠定坚实技术基础。在"雄安一号"卫星成功入轨的同时，朱雀三号重复使用遥二运载火箭一子级，按预定程序成功着陆于甘肃省民勤县朱雀三号着陆场坪，成为我国首款成功入轨并实现陆地回收的运载火箭。北京航空航天大学宇航学院副教授 杨良：这个火箭的陆上回收，可以把它理解为一次极高难度的空中倒车入库，任何一个环节出现小的偏差都可能影响成败。此次成功是我国商业火箭在陆上垂直软着陆技术上的重大突破，为降低发射成本、提高发射频率创造条件。

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Published on:10:41:08